Cell
Resistance
Technical Specification:
Type: Fixed or Variable (Potentiometer).
Material: Carbon film, metal film, or wire-wound.
Resistance Range: Typically 0.1 ohm to 10 MΩ.
Tolerance: ±1% to ±5%.
Power Rating: 0.125W to 10W.
Temperature Coefficient: ±50 ppm/°C to ±200 ppm/°C.
Electrolytic Capacitor
Technical Specification:
Type: Polarized.
Capacitance Range: 0.1 µF to 10,000 µF.
Voltage Rating: 6.3V to 450V.
Tolerance: ±10% to ±20%.
ESR (Equivalent Series Resistance): Low ESR options available.
Diode
Technical Specification:
Type: Rectifier, Signal, or Schottky.
Forward Voltage Drop: 0.7V (silicon) or 0.3V (Schottky).
Reverse Voltage: Up to 1,000V.
Current Rating: 1A to 100A.
Switching Speed: Fast recovery, typically < 4ns.
Zener Diode
Technical Specification:
Voltage Range: 2.4V to 200V.
Power Dissipation: 0.25W to 5W.
Tolerance: ±5% or better.
Temperature Coefficient: Varies with voltage, ±2 mV/°C typical.
Transistor
Technical Specification:
Type: NPN or PNP (BJT), N-channel or P-channel (MOSFET).
Voltage Rating: 20V to 1,200V.
Current Rating: 0.1A to 50A.
Power Dissipation: Up to 150W.
Switching Speed: 10ns to 100ns.
DIAC
Technical Specification:
Breakover Voltage: 28V to 40V.
Current Handling: Up to 2A.
Switching Speed: Rapid, typically nanoseconds.
Polyester Capacitor
Technical Specification:
Capacitance Range: 1 nF to 1 µF.
Voltage Rating: 50V to 630V.
Tolerance: ±5% to ±10%.
Temperature Stability: ±100 ppm/°C.
TRIAC
Technical Specification:
Voltage Rating: 400V to 1,200V.
Current Rating: 4A to 40A.
Gate Trigger Voltage: 1V to 2.5V.
Switching Speed: Milliseconds.
MOV (Metal Oxide Varistor)
Technical Specification:
Clamping Voltage: 14V to 1,000V.
Energy Handling: Up to 10 Joules.
Response Time: < 25ns.
Peak Current: 1kA to 40kA.
Variable Resistance (Potentiometer)
Technical Specification:
Resistance Range: 100Ω to 1MΩ.
Power Rating: 0.1W to 2W.
Type: Rotary or Linear.
Tolerance: ±10% to ±20%.
Battery
Technical Specification:
Type: Alkaline, Lithium-ion, or NiMH.
Voltage: 1.2V to 12V.
Capacity: 200mAh to 5,000mAh.
Rechargeable: Yes or No.
LDR (Light Dependent Resistor)
Technical Specification:
Resistance Range: 1KΩ (light) to 10MΩ (dark).
Peak Wavelength Sensitivity: 520nm to 700nm.
Response Time: 20ms to 200ms.
Fuse
Technical Specification:
Type: Fast-acting or slow-blow.
Current Rating: 0.1A to 20A.
Voltage Rating: 250V to 1,000V.
DC Motor
Technical Specification:
Voltage: 1.5V to 24V.
RPM: 500 to 12,000.
Current Rating: 0.5A to 5A.
LED (Light Emitting Diode)
Technical Specification:
Forward Voltage: 2V to 3.3V.
Current: 10mA to 20mA.
Luminous Intensity: 500mcd to 1,000mcd.
Relay
Technical Specification:
Voltage: 5V to 24V.
Contact Rating: 10A to 30A.
Switching Speed: 10ms to 20ms.
ON/OFF Switch
Technical Specification:
Type: SPST, DPDT.
Current Rating: 0.5A to 20A.
Voltage: 12V to 240V.
Microphone
Technical Specification:
Type: Electret or Dynamic.
Frequency Range: 50Hz to 16kHz.
Sensitivity: -60dB to -40dB.